📖 Chapter Description

This chapter introduces students to the real meaning of development — it’s not just about money, but about improving people’s lives. You’ll learn that different people have different ideas of development, and that income alone is not enough to measure progress.

We’ll explore key concepts like per capita income, national development, and the Human Development Index (HDI), which includes health, education, and standard of living. The chapter also highlights the importance of sustainable development — meeting today’s needs without compromising the future.

Through real-life examples, you’ll understand how countries are compared and why we need a broader, more inclusive way to measure progress. This chapter lays the foundation for understanding economic development in a humane and balanced way.

Development is not just a topic — it’s a way of thinking. This chapter helps you:

• Think critically about what progress means
• Understand global comparisons in a deeper way
• Appreciate the value of health, education, and equality
• Prepare for real-world questions in exams and life

📌 Tip: Always support your answers with examples — like comparing India and Sri Lanka!

🎯 Learning Outcome

By the end of this chapter, you’ll understand that true development is about people, not just profit — and how we can build a fairer, healthier, and more sustainable future.